Verbum Tip 4q: Bible Browser: Commands in the Bible
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Facet: Commands
Dataset
- DB:SD-BIBLE-COMMANDS: BIBLE-COMMANDS.lbssd
- Thompson, Jeremy. 2017. Commands in the Bible Dataset Documentation. Bellingham, WA: Faithlife.
Documentation
Data
This data simply classifies commands into eleven groups.
From the documentation (examples removed):
[quote]
Advice
A speaker makes a proposal for an appropriate course of action.
Command
A speaker gives an authoritative direction or instruction to do something.
Curse
A speaker wishes or invokes harm upon someone or something.
Invitation
A speaker makes a request for someone to participate or be present or take part in something.
Offer
A speaker presents something for acceptance or rejection.
Permission
A speaker gives approval for someone to do something.
Prohibition
A speaker gives an authoritative direction or instruction against doing something.
Request
A speaker asks someone to do something.
Warning
A speaker issues a message informing of danger if some action is or is not taken.
Well-wish
A speaker expresses a desire for or requests the success of someone.
Wish
A speaker expresses a desire for something to happen.[1]
Verb Classes are drawn from Verbnet a project which is integrated with the projects behind the Case Frames and Semantic Roles. From the documentation (examples removed):
[quote]
9: Putting
To put into a certain place or abstract location.
10: Removing
To remove something as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, whether something concrete or abstract.
11: Sending and Carrying
To cause to go somewhere whether as an indirect (e.g., “send”) or direct agent (e.g., “carry” or “bring”).
12: Pushing and Pulling
To move using one’s strength.
13: Transfer
To cause to change ownership.
14: Learn
To gain knowledge or skills.
15: Hold and Keep
To retain possession of.
16: Concealment
To prevent from being seen or discovered.
17: Throwing
To propel through the air.
18: Hitting
To deal a blow to, either with a hand or with an instrument.
19: Poke
To jab, prod, or stab.
20: Touching
To make physical contact with.
21: Cutting
To separate with or as if with an instrument.
22: Combining and Attaching
To join together with or be joined together with for a common purpose.
23: Separating and Disassembling
To caused to be divided or to become divided from a whole.
24: Coloring
To add color to.
25: Image Creation
To represent something with an image or likeness.
26: Creation and Transformation
To make something new or change an existing entity into something new.
27: Engender
To give rise to.
28: Give Birth
To cause to be born.
30: Perception
To be or become aware of something through the senses.
31: Psychological State
To experience or cause to experience a psychological state (e.g., fear, anger, or love).
32: Desire
To feel or have a want for something.
33: Judgment
To pronounce or enact judgment on a person, situation, or event.
34: Assessment
To evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent or significance of a person, thing, or event.
35: Searching
To try to locate or discover or try to establish the existence of.
36: Social Interaction
To take part in societal activities or customs.
37: Communication
To be in verbal contact and exchange information or ideas.
38: Animal Sounds
The characteristic utterances of animals.
39: Ingesting
To take in, as of food, drink, or some other substance.
40: Bodily Action
To experience or perform a typically inadvertent bodily action.
41: Grooming and Bodily Care
To care for one’s external appearance.
42: Killing
To cause to die or put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly.
43: Emission
To give off, send forth, or discharge; as of light, heat, radiation, or vapor.
44: Destroy
To do away with.
45: Change of State
To undergo or cause to undergo a change; to become different in essence.
46: Lodge
To stay in a location.
47: Existence
To be in the state of existence typically associated with an entity.
48: Appearance, Disappearance, and Occurrence
To arrive or come into existence; to cease to exist or happen.
49: Internal Bodily Motion
To move so as to change one’s bodily position.
50: Assuming a Position
To make a change in bodily posture (e.g., to sit, stand, or lie down).
51: Motion
To change location.
52: Avoid
To stay clear from someone or something.
53: Lingering and Rushing
To leave or move in a particular manner, whether slowly or quickly.
54: Measure
To determine the measurements of something or somebody.
55: Begin, Finish, and Continue
To begin, finish, or continue an activity.
56: Holiday
To spend or celebrate a holiday, season, or other time period.
57: Weather
To happen of various kinds of weather, such as raining, blowing, or snowing.
58: Urging and Begging
To spur someone towards or to plead with someone for a particular action.
59: Force
To cause to do through pressure or necessity, by physical, moral, or intellectual means.
60: Order
To give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority.
61: Try
To make an effort or attempt.
62: Wish
To hope for.
63: Enforce
To ensure observance of laws and rules.
64: Allow
To make it possible through a specific action or lack of action for something to happen.
65: Admit
To allow to enter.
66: Consume
To use up resources or materials.
67: Forbid
To not allow something by means of a command.
68: Pay
To give money, usually in exchange for goods or services.
69: Refrain
To not act.
70: Rely
To have confidence or faith in.
71: Conspire
To act in unison or agreement towards a purpose, often illicit.
72: Help
To give assistance; To be of service.
73: Cooperate
To work together on a common enterprise or project.
74: Succeed
To attain success or reach a desired goal.
75: Neglect
To leave undone or leave out.
76: Limit
To restrict extent or access.
77: Approve
To give sanction to.
78: Indicate
To be a signal or evidence for something or to give a signal or evidence for something.
79: Dedicate
To give to a specific person, activity, or cause.
80: Free
To relieve from something, whether concrete (e.g., confinement) or abstract (e.g., guilt).
81: Suspect
To imagine to be the case or true or probable.
82: Withdraw
To pull back or move away or backward.
83: Cope
To come to terms with.
84: Discover
To determine the existence, presence, or fact of.
85: Defend
To protect against a challenge or attack.
86: Correlating and Relating
To bear a reciprocal or mutual relation to something or to be relevant to something.
87: Focusing and Comprehending
To direct one’s attention to something with the intention of recognizing or understanding it.
88: Caring and Empathizing
To feel concern or interest, often to do so with understanding.
89: Settle
To come to an agreement with another person.
90: Exceed
To be greater in scope or size than some standard.
91: Matter
To have importance.
92: Confine
To enclose someone in a location and prevent that person from leaving.
93: Adopt
To choose and follow.
94: Risk
To expose to a chance of loss or damage.
95: Acquiesce
Too agree or to give in.
96: Addict
To cause to become dependent.
97: Basing and Deducing
To use as a basis for or draw a conclusion from a basis.
98: Confront
To oppose, as in hostility or competition.
99: Ensure
To make certain of.
100: Own
To have ownership or possession of.
101: Patent
To obtain a patent for.
102: Promote
To contribute to the progress or growth or wellbeing of.
103: Require
To need or demand something for its use.
104: Spending Time
To pass time in a specific way.
105: Use
To make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose.
106: Void
To make or declare invalid.
107: Involve
To include as related or as a participant.
108: Multiply
To combine or increase by multiplication.
109: Seem
To have or give the impression of having a certain outward aspect.[2]
Bible Browser
The Bible Browser is straight-forward for Commands. In this example, it shows passages that include Abraham with the command type of request and a verb class of concealment.
Interactive
There is no interactive for Commands in the Bible.
Context Menu and Information Panel
The Information Panel contains the expected information.:
Likewise, the Context Menu contains the expected information with the exception of the missing look up link
BUG: Missing Lookup option in Context Menu for Commands in the Bible
Search
The Search is well documented in Thompson, Jeremy. 2017. Commands in the Bible Dataset Documentation. Bellingham, WA: Faithlife:
[quote]The following structures can be used for each command type:
• Advice: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Advice}
• Command: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Command}
• Curse: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Curse}
• Invitation: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Invitation}
• Offer: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Offer}
• Permission: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Permission}
• Prohibition: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Prohibition}
• Request: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Request}
• Warning: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Warning}
• Well-wish: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Well-wish}
• Wish: {Label Command WHERE Type ~ Wish}
In addition, the search syntax can handle the semantic category of the command verb as follows (for a list of semantic categories see the VerbNet Categories for Command Verbs section below):
• {Label Command WHERE Verb Class ~ Judgment AND Type ~ Command}
• {Label Command WHERE Verb Class ~ Ingesting AND Type ~ Prohibition}[3]
QUIZ: Use the Bible Browser to find the passage where God commands Abraham to sacrifice his son Isaac. Note there are multiple answers. If your result includes only the requested results, you succeed. Then write a Search that yields the same results.
Hint: first find each of the four components:
- Find God as the one who is speaking (giving the command)
- Find Abraham as the one who is listening (addressed)
- Find a command – a true command
- Find a verb classification of killing
Once you have each part, start putting them together remembering that a space between search terms is the same as an AND.
Answer:
- Reported Speech → Speaker → God
- Reported Speech → Addressee → Abraham
- Commands → Type → Command
- Commands → Verb Classification → Killing
{Label Command WHERE Verb Class ~ Killing AND Type ~ Command} ({Speaker <Person God>} {Addressee <Person Abraham>})
You may find the browser a bit easier than the Search. It is often true that Factbook or the Browser provide easier paths to the information than a Search.
[1] Jeremy Thompson, Commands in the Bible Dataset Documentation (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2017).
[2] Jeremy Thompson, Commands in the Bible Dataset Documentation (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2017).
[3] Jeremy Thompson, Commands in the Bible Dataset Documentation (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2017).
Orthodox Bishop Alfeyev: "To be a theologian means to have experience of a personal encounter with God through prayer and worship."; Orthodox proverb: "We know where the Church is, we do not know where it is not."