How can I trace the history of Biblical Greek?
The following search should help you find a number of useful resources:
Search - Logos Bible Study
Absolutely essential is Beekes, Robert. Etymological Dictionary of Greek, edited by Alexander Lubotsky. Vol. 1 & 2. Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2010.
And recognizing there's an LXX style vs an NT style.