TIP of the day:Term modifiers - specifying language and mark sensitivity

Okay, I'm cheating a bit on the Search post as I wrote on foreign languages quite recently and as I do not know Hebrew or Greek, everything I know about mark sensitivity is from the documentation.

TIP of the day: Search foreign languages - French, German, Spanish ... has a useful followup post on entering original language words by Rosie.

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Term Modifiers

Search terms can be modified to include extra information such as language, search fields, and sensitivity to diacritical markings.

The explicit syntax for adding a modifier to one or more terms is [ followed by the name of the modifier followed by the content of the modifier if any followed by a closing ]. So [lang en] modifies the term to specify the English language only.

Term modifiers apply the term they are attached to, or to the group of terms (surrounded by parenthesis brackets) they are enclosed within, or to the entire query.
  •      [lang en] die welt versus die welt — all of the terms are marked with English language
  •      german:die german:welt versus english:die english:welt — only certain terms are marked with language
  •      ([lang de] die welt) versus ([lang en] die welt) — groups of terms are marked with different languages

See more below about grouping multiple terms together.

Language

To specify a language for a term, type its name in front of the term with a colon. So german:die and english:die are different words, as are english:agape and transliterated:agape.

Language can also be aplied to one or more terms in a more verbose form: ([lang x-tl] agape) is equivalent to transliterated:agape and ([lang en] agape) is equivalent to english:agape. You may see this longer form substituted by the software automatically from time to time when switching between search types.

Multiple languages can be specified, so ([lang es,en] papa) will match Spanish papa (“potato”) or English papa (“father”).


Logos 6 Help (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2015).

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Additional functional for all languages, Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac and Greek:

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Mark Sensitivity

Terms can be modified to count diacritic marks as significant or not significant for matching. Defaults vary by language. For example, English generally doesn’t have diacritic marks, so by default typing resume will match resume, resumé, and résumé. To override this default, you may need to specify a marks matching term modifier into your query.

All languages will support:
  •      [match marks] — makes all non-spacing marks significant. Equivalent to Logos 3 “marks()”
  •      [match nomarks] — ignores all non-spacing marks, regardless of language defaults
  •      [match exact] or [match all] — matches exactly what you type

Languages with upper- and lowercase letters will support:
  •      [match case] — matches sensitive to capital/lowercase letters

Some languages have special mark-matching rules.

Hebrew/Aramaic

By default, Hebrew is not sensitive to any marks in the query, except for sin and shin dots, which are like the slash in Swedish o-slash: they are different letters. (Can be overridden with [match nomarks]). Additionally, maqqef and space are treated as equivalent.
  •      [match vowels] — vowel diacritics in the query will be treated as significant for matching
  •      [match dagesh] — dagesh in the query is significant
  •      [match accents] — cantillation diacritics (te’amim) will be treated as significant
  •      [match massora] — matches the masora circle
  •      [match rafe] — matches accent rafe
  •      [match critical] — matches text-critical marks
  •      [match pointed] — same as [match vowels,dagesh,massora,rafe,critical]
  •      [match cantillated] — same as [match vowels,dagesh,massora,rafe,critical,accents]
  •      [match holem-haser] — differentiates between holem and holem haser

Greek

By default, Greek searches are not sensitive to any marks in the query.
  •      [match iota-subscript] — subscripted iota is significant
  •      [match dieresis] — dieresis mark is significant
  •      [match breathing] — rough and smooth breathing marks are significant
  •      [match accents] — includes all accenture marks
  •      [match technical-marks] — includes technical diacritics
  •      [match unaccented] — doesn’t count marks except for rough and smooth breathing
  •      [match polytonic]

Syriac

By default, Syriac is not sensitive to any marks.
  •      [match vowels]
  •      [match silent]
  •      [match begadkephat]
  •      [match grammar]
  •      [match barrekh]
  •      [match music]
  •      [match accents]
  •      [match dialect]
  •      [match abbrev]


Logos 6 Help (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2015).

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The same information is also available in the wiki.

Here are three searches suggested above in options available in all languages.