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In the Look up sections for the various datatypes found in Bibles, the following resource types appeared frequently:
Search fields
Search Fields associated with Lexicons
Field
Abbreviation
Definition
Example Lexicon
Author
author
The Author of an article or other section in a book or journal
A Compendious Syriac Dictionary
Description
description
The description of an object, usually an image of media element.
Jastrow
Etymology
etymology
Descriptions of the linguistic history and development of a particular word or phrase.
Enhanced Strong’s
Extended definition
extdef
Extended definition of a given lemma.
BDAG
Footnote text
footnote
Text that appears in a footnote
Formal equivalent
formeq
A formal equivalent or gloss of a given lemma.
Gloss text
gloss
In a dictionary or lexicon, a brief explanation or definition of a word or phrase.
DBL
Heading text
heading
The text of book, chapter and pericope headings.
Inflected form
inflected
SEDRA3LEX
Large text
largetext
Large text.
Lemma text
lemma
Text that appears in its dictionary form.
Manuscript form
form
Manuscript form of an interlinear word.
LXARCLEX
Part of speech
part-of-speech
Grammatical part of speech designation for a dictionary or lexicon headword.
Primary morph
pmt
The primary morphological tag for a given word.
VULGANLEX
Pronunciation
pronunciation
Text which details the exact phonetic pronunciation of a particular word or phrase.
Prosody
prosody
Prosodial remarks.
LSJ
Root form
root
The root form.
Surface text
surface
Text that is visible using default view settings; in interlinears, the top line using default view settings.
Tag
tag
Tags for an image or media element.
Title
title
The title of an object, usually an image or media element.
Translation
translation
Listings of how an ancient language word is translated in other documents.
Translation equivalent
transeq
Suggested translation equivalent of a Greek quotation.
Only the lexicons have datatypes and search extensions of sufficient use to require documentation. The Headword entry applies to many encyclopedias, glossaries, and similar works. It’s use is demonstrated below.
Lexicon Datatypes and their Extensions
Values
Example
Extensions
Headword
{Headword Holy Spirit} {Headword greek:γλῶσσα}
Greek GK (Goodrick-Kohlenberger)
-
<GreekGK = GGK11>
{Milestone <GreekGK = GGK11>}
Hebrew GK (Goodrick-Kohlenberger)
<HebrewGK = HGK10010>
{Milestone <HebrewGK = HGK10010>}
DBL Aramaic
Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains: Aramaic
<DBLAramaic = DBLA 10010>
{Milestone <DBLAramaic = DBLA 10010>}
DBL Greek
Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains: Greek
<DBLGreek = DBLG 210>
{Milestone <DBLGreek = DBLG 210>}
DBL Hebrew
Dictionary of Biblical Languages with Semantic Domains: Hebrew
<DBLHebrew = DBLH 245>
{Milestone < DBLHebrew = DBLH 245>}
Strong’s Greek
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon
<GreekStrongs = G12>
{Milestone <GreekStrongs = G12>}
Strong’s Hebrew
<HebrewStrongs = H104>
{Milestone <HebrewStrongs = H104>}
Gesenius
Gesenius’ Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon to the Old Testament Scripture
<GeseniusLexicon = Gesenius Pg. 23, Col. B>
{Milestone <GeseniusLexicon = Gesenius Pg. 23, Col. B>}
Louw-Nida
Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament: Based on Semantic Domains
<LouwNida = LN 12.12>
{Milestone <LouwNida = LN 12.12>}
Trench
Synonyms of the New Testament
<Trench = Trench, Syn. §li>
{Milestone <Trench = Trench, Syn. §li>}
Brown-Driver-Briggs
The Abridged Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew-English Lexicon of the Old Testament
<BrownDriverBriggs = BDB 4.2>
{Milestone <BrownDriverBriggs = BDB 4.2> }
Kittel
Theological Dictionary of the New Testament
<TDNT = TDNT Vol. 1, Pg. 9>
{Milestone <TDNT = TDNT Vol. 1, Pg. 9>}
Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament
<TDOT = TDOT Vol. 1, Pg. 147>
{Milestone <TDOT = TDOT Vol. 1, Pg. 147>}
Theological Wordbook of the Old Testament
<TWOT = TWOT No. 2560>
{Milestone <TWOT = TWOT No. 2560>}
Search Fields for type:encyclopedia Resources
Example Encyclopedia
The author of an article or other section in a book or journal.
20th Century Jewish Religious Thought
Copyright
copyright
Copyright information for an image or media element.
AYND
Credit
credit
Credit information for an image or media element.
AYBD
The description of an object, usually an image or media element.
DBI
Text that appears in a footnote.
CBD
The text of book, chapter, and pericope headings
Text that is visible using default view settings; in interlinears, the top line using default view settings
CPDC
Search fields for Manuals and Glossaries
Example Manual or Glossary
Verbum Help
Biblia Hebraica Transcripta Glossary
Glossary to the Aramaic Inscriptions
The Lexham Cultural Ontology Glossary
The Headword search is often a better choice than Large Text and Heading Text when one wishes to search for articles on a topic. Lexicons, encyclopedias, and most reference works have a Headword index. As an example of its use, I will play with the concept of incarnation as fundamental to Christmas … think of St. Athanasius’ On the Incarnation.
Switching examples, how many of the articles on baptism reference Mark 1:11?
In general, the Bible search deals with the contents of the Bible rather than Bible references. However, citing inexperienced user expectations, Verbum violates this principle in two cases.
This Guide is found under: Tools à Bible Reference Guides à Important Passages
The criteria for inclusion in this section is given in the documentation as Brannan, Rick. Important Passages: Dataset Documentation. Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2018.:
Reasons • Commentaries: The reference occurs frequently in commentary discussion of the study passage. • Lexicons: Both references are frequently cited in lexicon articles discussing vocabulary common to both verses. • Shared Cultural Concepts: Both references analyzed sharing concepts in the Lexham Cultural Outlines, or Cultural Concepts. • Shared Topics: Both references share common biblical concepts analyzed by Logos Controlled Vocabulary (LCV), which is the organizing principle of the Factbook. • Bible Sense: Both references are analyzed sharing Bible Sense Lexicon analysis senses. • Shared People/PLaces/Things: Both references share common components (people, places, and things) analyzed by the BibleKnowledgebase. • New Testament Use of the Old Testament: Both references occur in a common entry in the New Testament Use of the Old Testament dataset. • Similar Commands: Both references are analyzed as containing similar types of commands. • Shared Miracles: Both references have some aspect of a Miracle in common. • Speaking To God: Both references share some common aspect in address to Deity. • Theophanies: Both references involve some aspect of a theophany. • Similar Questions: Both references are analyzed as containing similar types of questions. • Similar Sacrifices: Both references share some commonality regarding sacrifice. • Proverbs: Both references are analyzed as similar types of proverbs. • Parallel Passages: Both references occur in a common parallel text. This could involve synoptic gospels, or other sets of parallels (OT History, Jude-2 Peter, Pauline Parallels). • Shared Figurative Language: Both references involve common use of a particular type of figurative language. • Parables: Both references have some aspect of a Parable in common. • Shared Preaching Themes: Both references share a common preaching theme.[1]
Reasons
• Commentaries: The reference occurs frequently in commentary discussion of the study passage.
• Lexicons: Both references are frequently cited in lexicon articles discussing vocabulary common to both verses.
• Shared Cultural Concepts: Both references analyzed sharing concepts in the Lexham Cultural Outlines, or Cultural Concepts.
• Shared Topics: Both references share common biblical concepts analyzed by Logos Controlled Vocabulary (LCV), which is the organizing principle of the Factbook.
• Bible Sense: Both references are analyzed sharing Bible Sense Lexicon analysis senses.
• Shared People/PLaces/Things: Both references share common components (people, places, and things) analyzed by the BibleKnowledgebase.
• New Testament Use of the Old Testament: Both references occur in a common entry in the New Testament Use of the Old Testament dataset.
• Similar Commands: Both references are analyzed as containing similar types of commands.
• Shared Miracles: Both references have some aspect of a Miracle in common.
• Speaking To God: Both references share some common aspect in address to Deity.
• Theophanies: Both references involve some aspect of a theophany.
• Similar Questions: Both references are analyzed as containing similar types of questions.
• Similar Sacrifices: Both references share some commonality regarding sacrifice.
• Proverbs: Both references are analyzed as similar types of proverbs.
• Parallel Passages: Both references occur in a common parallel text. This could involve synoptic gospels, or other sets of parallels (OT History, Jude-2 Peter, Pauline Parallels).
• Shared Figurative Language: Both references involve common use of a particular type of figurative language.
• Parables: Both references have some aspect of a Parable in common.
• Shared Preaching Themes: Both references share a common preaching theme.[1]
Reason
Datatype
Label (also in Concordance)
Other
Non-Biblical sources
Commentaries
type:Bible commentary
Lexicons
type:lexicon
Parallel Passages
type:Bible harmony
Bible sources
New Testament Use of the Old Testament
{Label Intertext}
Proverbs
{Label Proverb}
Shared Biblical entity: People
<Person>
Shared Biblical entity: Places
<Place>
Shared Biblical entity: Things
<Thing>
Shared Cultural Concepts
<Culture>
Shared Figurative Language
<FigurativeLanguageCategory> <FigurativeLanguageType>
<FigurativeLanguageTerm>
{Label Figurative Language}
Shared Miracles
{Label Miracle}
Shared Parables
{Label Parable}
Shared Preaching Themes
<PreachingTheme>
Shared Senses
<Sense>
Shared Topics
<Topic>
Similar Commands
{Label Command}
Similar Questions
{Label Question}
Similar Sacrifices
{Label Sacrifice}
Speaking to God
{Label Speech}
Theophanies
{Label Theophany}
“Locusts” in Mark 1:6 has been the example. Using the full verse as the example, the commentary passages selected according to the standard: “Commentaries: The reference occurs frequently in commentary discussion of the study passage.”
The figurative language passages selected according to the standard: “Both references involve common use of a particular type of figurative language.”
Bercot, David W., ed. A Dictionary of Early Christian Beliefs: A Reference Guide to More than 700 Topics Discussed by the Early Church Fathers. Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, 1998.
As Catholics, when thinking about anthologies of early church fathers, we tend to go automatically to Jurgens. There are other options. The editor of this work, David Bercot, was raised as a Jehovah’s Witness, ordained as an Anglican, and now fellowships with the Anabaptists. This background provides a perspective quite different from Jurgen in excerpts that catch his attention. His organization is strictly alphabetical on terms that are easily recognized across denominational boundaries. Linkage to the original texts is supported.
Compare Bercot to the essential Jurgens: Jurgens, W. A., trans. The Faith of the Early Fathers. Vol. 1–3. Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1970–1979. Note that the Jurgens excerpt numbers are not tagged as milestones. The texts are provided by authors organized by date. A doctrinal index is provided in the final volume.
An example of the Jurgens doctrinal index:
Also be aware of the Enchiridion Patristicum by Rouet de Jornel which has not yet been released by Verbum.
Finally, Jimmy Akin offers a volume based on the Schaff series: Akin, Jimmy. The Fathers Know Best: Your Essential Guide to the Teachings of the Early Church. San Diego, CA: Catholic Answers, 2010. This volume is organized by dogma but in more lay-friendly language. This provides a useful introduction to the material if you own none of the resources above. Or, perhaps, to be more precisely “if you use none of the resources above.” – owning gains you nothing it you don’t use the resource.
[1] Rick Brannan, Important Passages: Dataset Documentation (Bellingham, WA: Faithlife, 2018).
Orthodox Bishop Hilarion Alfeyev: "To be a theologian means to have experience of a personal encounter with God through prayer and worship."
MJ. Smith:Finally, Jimmy Akin offers a volume based on the Schaff series: Akin, Jimmy. The Fathers Know Best: Your Essential Guide to the Teachings of the Early Church. San Diego, CA: Catholic Answers, 2010.
Running Logos 9 latest (beta) version on Win 10