Synagogue of Satan

Christian Alexander

Revelation 2:9 and 3:9 both allude to Satan's synagogue. I tested my theory of positive versus negative translations by conducting a Bible Word Study on "synagogue" to examine how the Greek terminology may be translated in other ways, such as congregation, assembly, gathering, etc. The LXX's allusions to the Hebrew text were very interesting to me. The number of Hebrew words shocked me as well. I am looking for the location and semantic range of this terminology.  How can I find that information?

MJ. Smith

With regard to the phrase "Satan's synagogue", I have found no evidence of manuscripts earlier than Revelation that use the term. However, you will find it in Kabbalistic and other Jewish mystical texts. Learning to understand these texts, however, is an arduous task I have not mastered.

As for "synagogue" try a chatbot.

The word "synagogue" does not have a single origin within Judaism, but rather comes from a mix of historical and linguistic influences:

Greek Roots:

• The word itself comes from the Ancient Greek word "συναγωγή" (synagōgē), which means "assembly" or "gathering together."
• This usage reflected the central purpose of synagogues as community centers for prayer, study, and assembly.

Hellenistic Influence:

• During the Hellenistic period (332 BCE - 30 BCE), when Greek culture significantly influenced the Jewish world, synagogues became more widespread.
• The adoption of the Greek term "synagōgē" further solidified its association with these community centers.

Hebrew Synonyms:

• While using the Greek term, Jewish communities also had their own Hebrew synonyms for synagogues:
  • Beit Knesset ("House of Assembly")
  • Beit Tefillah ("House of Prayer")
  • Beit Midrash ("House of Study")

Evolution and Adaptation:

• Over time, "synagogue" was adopted into other languages, including Latin, Middle English, and eventually modern English.
• While retaining its core meaning of "assembly place," the word also reflects the wider social, cultural, and religious functions of synagogues within Jewish communities.

Points to remember:

• The etymology of "synagogue" highlights the historical intermingling of languages and cultures in Judaism.
• The word doesn't have a strictly Jewish origin but adopted meaning and function within the Jewish context.
• Its various synonyms in Hebrew showcase the diverse perspectives on the purpose and nature of synagogues.