The reference to the creation and destruction of multiple worlds in Midrash Rabbah can be found in Bereishit (Genesis) Rabbah 3:712. This specific passage is part of a larger commentary on the book of Genesis, which is the first book of the Torah.
In this Midrash, Rabbi Abbahu discusses the verse from Ecclesiastes 3:11, which states, "He has made everything beautiful in its time." Rabbi Abbahu interprets this verse to mean that God created and destroyed various worlds before creating our own1.
The exact text of Bereishit Rabbah 3:7 states:
"Rabbi Abbahu said: This teaches that the Holy One, blessed be He, created worlds and destroyed them, created worlds and destroyed them, until He created these [i.e., our world and heaven]. He said: 'These please me, those did not please me.'"2
This interpretation suggests that God engaged in a process of creation and destruction before arriving at our current world, which met His standards. The Midrash does not specify the exact number of worlds created and destroyed, leaving room for various interpretations and discussions among Jewish scholars and mystics.
This concept has been influential in Jewish thought, particularly in mystical traditions, and has led to further explorations of the nature of creation, divine will, and the purpose of our world in God's grand design.
Citations:
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/70e477c08da88c6d8e95a3aa864961582e18662b
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/978f4d09d129af343384fc1fb2e11d246c2cc72f
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/03a9176435489cfe29f6c8cd5b809fbe36c707e4
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/09770ed71426ae3361d91973cb49e43b679ae9a0
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2f4635e0155bab715d5849dc62c82c8425aaee90
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1eaed120c8b886b52017b64d93068ca2dba0728f
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/c5682895ecfc6cad43313c4c8fb64713b7cf760e
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/a38b6e68f962d81dfaefc4d4e65abc947ee35c29
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fc0b781479331d25df5195f7ad61d54288f165a1
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/1932c402e7e588af42e3f1b06c5a81f3f2a7af1f
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10520201/
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6ad090ec2d253e1b20b48efbd624cc77b98ac93d
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2ff7df55aa6775904eccf8ff8c4765cb5e93e250
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/09ac858711f02f6d407ef47a791b82eb767de74c
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9071a62082647ffb8b2b91c233a82449d57a4e3b
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/74b879cca628760664738fc681da612367102051
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/317f8c506dd8d4f12f3fc94e63ff490fcd35c3c3
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ead1587e9ac60ff8c441f9dad5740bb86bda7392