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Morphology Codes

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Updated for Logos version 10.0+

These are the codes you see entered in the Search box when you type @ and select from the dropdown menu in a Morph Search.
They also can be used to decode the morphology line in Interlinears. You need to know which morphology you are dealing with.

Page Contents

Logos Greek Morphology
GRAMCORD Greek Morphology
Friberg Greek Morphology
Robinson Greek Morphology NB. resources have been converted to Logos Morphology
Swanson Greek Morphology
Andersen-Forbes Hebrew Morphology
Westminster Hebrew Morphology
Werkgroep Informatica (WIVU) Hebrew Morphology
Logos Hebrew Morphology
Logos Latin Morphology
Nomenclature

Morphology Identifiers that can be used in a Search
Part of Speech – Logos Morphology

Logos Greek Morphology

Part of Speech

B – Adverb
C – Conjunction
D – Article
I – Interjection
J – Adjective
N – Noun
P – Preposition
R – Pronoun
T – Particle
V – Verb
X – Indeclinable

Adverb/Particle Type

C – Conditional
E – Emphatic
I – Interrogative
K – Correlative
N – Negative
P – Place
S – Superlative
X – Indefinite

Conjunction Subtype

AC – Adverbial Conditional
AD – Adverbial Declarative
AL – Adverbial Local
AM – Adverbial Comparative
AN – Adverbial Concessive
AP – Adverbial Purpose
AR – Adverbial Result
AT – Adverbial Temporal
AZ – Adverbial Causal
LA – Logical Ascensive
LC – Logical Contrastive
LD – Logical Disjunctive
LI – Logical Inferential
LK – Logical Correlative
LM – Logical Emphatic
LN – Logical Connective
LT – Logical Transitional
LX – Logical Explanatory
SC – Substantival Content
SE – Substantival Epexegetical

Case (for Articles, Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

A – Accusative
D – Dative
G – Genitive
N – Nominative
V – Vocative

Number (for Articles, Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

D – Dual
P – Plural
S – Singular

Gender (for Articles, Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine
N – Neuter

Degree (for Adjectives and Nouns)

C – Comparative
O – Other
P – Positive
S – Superlative

Pronoun Type

C – Reciprocal
D – Demonstrative
F – Reflexive
I – Interrogative
K – Correlative
N – Negative
P – Personal
R – Relative
S – Possessive
X – Indefinite

Person (for Pronouns and Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person

Pronoun Subtype

A – Intenstive Attributive
P – Intensive Predicative

Verb Tense

A – Aorist
F – Future
I – Imperfect
L – Pluperfect
P – Present
R – Perfect
T – Future Perfect

Voice (for Verbs)

A – Active
M – Middle
P – Passive
U – Either Middle or Passive

Mood (for Verbs)

I – Indicative
M – Imperative
N – Infinitive
O – Optative
P – Participle
S – Subjunctive

Indeclinable type

F – Foreign
L – Letter
N – Numeral
O – Other
P – Proper Noun

GRAMCORD Greek Morphology

Part of Speech

A – Article
B – Adverb
C – Conjunction
F – Foreign Word
I – Interjection
J – Adjective
M – Improper Preposition
N – Noun
O – Pronoun
P – Preposition
S – Punctuation
T – Particle
V – Verb

Gender (for Articles, Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine
N – Neuter

Number (for Articles, Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

D – Dual Number
P – Plural
S – Singular

Case (for Articles, Adjectives, Improper Prepositions, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

A – Accusative
D – Dative
G – Genitive
N – Nominative
V – Vocative

Degree (for Adverbs and Adjectives)

C – Comparative
S – Superlative
X – No Degree or a Positive Degree

Conjunction Subtype

CB – Coordinating Continuative
CC – Coordinating Correlative
CD – Coordinating Disjunctive
CG – Coordinating Interrogative
CJ – Coordinating Copulative
CQ – Coordinating Inferential
CV – Coordinating Adversative
CX – Coordinating Explanatory
PD – Pronoun Demonstrative
PP – Pronoun Personal
SC – Subordinating Causal
SE – Subordinating Conditional
SF – Subordinating Final (Purpose)
SG – Coordinating Interrogative
SL – Subordinating Locational
SN – Subordinating Nominal
SP – Subordinating Comparative
SR – Subordinating Result
SS – Subordinating Concessive
ST – Subordinating Temporal

Foreign Word Type

A – Aramaic
H – Hebrew

Pronoun Subtype

AD – Adjectival Demonstrative
AF – Adjectival Indefinite
AG – Adjectival Interrogative
AI – Adjectival Intensive
CR – Correlative
DE – Adjectival Demonstrative
IF – Adjectival Indefinite
IG – Adjectival Interrogative
IR – Indefinite Relative
P1 – Personal First Person
P2 – Personal Second Person
P3 – Personal Third Person
PI – Adjectival Intensive
RC – Reciprocal
RR – Relative
S1 – Possessive First Person
S2 – Possessive Second Person
X1 – Reflexive First Person
X2 – Reflexive Second Person
X3 – Reflexive Third Person

Punctuation Type

J – Major Stop
N – Minor Stop

Particle Class

A – Alternating
F – Indefinite
G – Interrogative
M – Emphatic
N – Negative
P – Comparative
S – Subjective
U – Modal [Uncertainty]

Person (for Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person

Verb Tense

A – Aorist
F – Future
I – Imperfect
L – Pluperfect
P – Present
R – Perfect

Voice

A – Active
M – Middle
P – Passive

Mood (for Verbs)

I – Indicative
M – Imperative
N – Infinitive
O – Optative
P – Participle
S – Subjunctive

Participle Number (for Verbs)

D – Dual Number
P – Plural
S – Singular

Friberg Greek Morphology

Part of Speech

A – Adjective
C – Conjunction
D – Determiner
N – Noun
P – Preposition
Q – Particle
V – Verb

Adjective Category

B – Adverb
P – Pronomial

Adjective Type

C – Cardinal
D – Demonstrative
I – Indefinite
M – Comparative
O – Ordinal
R – Relative
S – Superlative
T – Interrogative

Case (for Adjectives, Determiners, Nouns, Prepositions, and Verbs)

A – Accusative
D – Dative
G – Genitive
N – Nominative
V – Vocative

Gender (for Adjectives, Determiners, Nouns, and Verbs)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine
N – Neuter

Person (for Adjectives, Nouns, and Verbs)

1 – 1st Person
2 – 2nd Person
3 – 3rd Person

Number (for Adjectives, Determiners, Nouns, and Verbs)

P – Plural
S – Singular

Conjunction Category

C – Coordinating
H – Superordinating (Hyperordinating)
S – Subordinating

Noun Subcat

P – Pronoun

Particle Category

N – Negative
S – Sentence
T – Interrogative
V – Verbal

Mood (for Verbs)

I – Indicative
M – Imperative
N – Infinitive
O – Optative
P – Participle
R – Participle (Imperative Sense)
S – Subjunctive

Tense (for Verbs)

A – Aorist
F – Future
I – Imperfect
L – Pluperfect
P – Present
R – Perfect

Voice (for verbs)

A – Active
D – Middle Deponent
E – Either Middle or Passive
M – Middle
N – Middle or Passive Deponent
O – Passive Deponent
P – Passive

Swanson Greek Morphology

Part of Speech

C – Conjunction
D – Adverb
E – Preposition
F – Foreign Word
I – Interjection
J – Adjective
M – Number/Word
N – Noun
O – Contraction
P – Pronoun
R – Definite Article
S – Substantive
T – Particle Verb
VF – Finite Verb
VI – Infinitive Verb
VP – Participle

Conjunction Type

D – Disjunctive
T – Temporal

Adverb Type

C – Comparative
I – Indefinite
P – Of Place
R – Relative
S – Superlative

Case (for Prepositions, Adjectives, Number/Words, Nouns, Pronouns, Definite Articles, Substantives, and Verb Participles)

A – Accusative
D – Dative
G – Genitive
N – Nominative
V – Vocative

Foreign Word Type

C – Conjunction
I – Interjection
N – Noun
V – Verb

Number (for Adjectives, Number/Words, Nouns, Pronouns, Definite Articles, Substantives, Verb Finites, and Verb Participles)

P – Plural
S – Singular

Gender (for Adjectives, Number/Words, Nouns, Pronouns, Definite Articles, Substantives, and Verb Participles)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine
N – Neuter

Comparator (for Adjectives)

C – Comparative
E – Elative
S – Superlative

Pronoun Type

D – Demonstrative
G – Interrogative
I – Indefinite
L – Reciprocal
P – Personal
R – Relative
X – Reflexive

Particle Type

C – Conditional
E – Enclitic

Tense (for Verb Finite, Verb Infinitive, and Verb Participle)

2 – Second Aorist
A – Aorist
F – Future
I – Imperfect
L – Pluperfect
P – Present
R – Perfect

Mood (for Verb Finite)

I – Indicative
O – Optative
S – Subjunctive
V – Imperative

Voice (for Verb Finite, Verb Infinitive, and Verb Participle)

A – Active
D – Deponent
N – Middle
P – Passive

Impersonal (for Verb Finite)

I – Impersonal

Andersen-Forbes Hebrew Morphology

Parts of Speech

A – Adverbial
C – Conjunction
N – Noun
P – Preposition
R – Pronoun
V – Verb
X – Miscellany

Adverbial Family

a – “Together” (????)
b – “Afterwards” (???)
c – “Above” (???)
d – “Eagerly” (??????)
e – “Suddenly” (????)
E – Emphatic
f – “Farther” (????)
g – “Then” (?? or ????)
h – “Here” (???)
i – “Inadvertently” (????)
I – Interrogative
j – “Thither” (???)
k – “Back” (????)
K – [Question] (??)
l – “Positively” (????)
m – “Thus” (?? or ??)
M – Modal
n – “Now” (???)
N – Negative
o – “Then” (????)
O – Restrictive (??)
p – “Certainly” (??)
q – “Quickly” (???)
Q – Quasiverbal
r – “Already” (???)
R – Restrictive (??)
s – “Still” (???)
t – “There” (??)
T – “Now” (???)
u – “Upwards” (????)
v – “Very” (???)
w – “Underneath” (??? or ???)
x – “Apart” (???)
y – “Yet” (???)
Y – “Not Yet” (???)
z – “Again” (???)

Adverbial Subclass

a – “Yes or No?” (?)
b – “Who?” (??)
B – “Behold!” (???)
c – “What?” (??)
d – “How?” (???)
D – “Do Not” (??)
e – “When?” (???)
E – “Exists” (??)
f – “Where?” (???)
g – “Whence?” (????)
G – Negation (???)
h – “Why?” (????)
i – “Where?” (???)
n – “Not Exists” (|??)
N – “Not” (??)
S – “Still” (???)
T – Temporal

Conjunction Subclass

a – “Also” (??)
A – Adverbial
b – “But Indeed” (????)
c – Sequential (?)
C – Coordinating (?)
G – “Also” (??)
I – “If” (??)
K – ??
O – “Or” (??)
R – Nominalizer
T – Temporal
X – Other

Conjunction Sub Subclass

A – Concessive (“although”)
B – “because”
E – Adversative (“but”)
I – “if”
S – Asseverative (“surely”)
T – “that”
W – “when”

Noun Subclass

C – Common
P – Proper

Noun Family

A – “All”
c – Common
C – City
D – Divine
E – Ethnic
G – Other Geographic
H – Human
J – Adjective
L – Land
M – Mountain
N – Numeral
O – Ordinal
R – River

Number (for Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

C – Collective
d – Distributive
D – Dual
P – Plural
S – Singular

Gender (for Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

C – Common
F – Feminine
M – Masculine

State (for Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

c – Discontinuous Construct
C – Construct
D – Determined
N – Normal
P – Pausal
S – Suffixed

Definiteness (for Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

h – Definite Without ?
H – Definite With ?
I – Indefinite

Derivational Suffix (for Nouns)

A – Adverb Derived
H – Locative ?

Preposition Subclass

a – “Above” (Aram.???)
A – Object Marker
b – “Between” (???)
B – “In” (?)
d – “Of” (Aram.??)
D – “Until” (??)
e – “Except” (???)
E – “Except” (???)
f – “For” (????)
F – “After” (???)
h – “Without” (????)
H – “Through” (???)
K – “Like” (?)
l – “At” (Aram. ???)
L – “To” (?)
M – “From” (??)
N – “Near” (???)
O – “On Account of” (????)
q – “Before” (Aram. ???)
Q – “Before” (Aram.???)
S – “For sake of” (????)
t – “Under” (???)
T – “Inside” (???)
u – “Upon” (??)
U – “Unto” (??)
w – “With” (??)
W – “With” (??)
X – Other
Y – “Because” (???)
Z – “Except” (????)

Pronoun Subclass

B – Suffixed
D – Demonstrative
F – Personal

Person (for Pronouns and Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person

Verb Stem

A – Afal
h – Hifil
H – Hofal
I – Itpael
n – Nifal
p – Piel
P – Pual
q – Qal
Q – Qal Passive
S – Safal
t – Hitpael
T – Tafal

Voice (for Verbs)

A – Active
M – Middle
P – Passive
T – Reflexive

Verb Family

a – Infinitive Absolute
c – Cohortative Sequential
C – Cohortative
f – Suffixed (Perfect) Sequential
i – Insistent Imperative
I – Imperative
J – Jussive
m – Prefixed (Imperfect) Sequential
M – Prefixed (Imperfect)
n – Noun-Verb/noun Participle
p – Noun-Verb Participle
P – Preterite
s – Suffixed (Perfect)
t – Pure Noun Participle
T – Infinitive Construct
v – Pure Verb Participle

Miscellany Subclass

D – Definite Article
E – Exclamation
K – Qetiv Welo Qere
L – Lapsus Calami
N – Nominalizer
Q – Qere Welo Qetiv

Westminster Hebrew Morphology

Part of Speech

a – Adjective
E – Ending
I – Imperfect Ending
n – Noun
p – Pronoun
P – Particle
S – Suffix
v – Verb
V – Perfect Ending
x – Paragraph Marker or Nun

Person (for Pronouns and Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person
i – Interrogative

Gender (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

b – Feminine and Masculine
c – Common
f – Feminine
m – Masculine

Number (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

d – Dual Number
p – Plural
s – Singular

State (for Adjectives, Nouns, and Verbs)

a – Absolute
c – Construct
d – Determined

Pronominal Suffix Person (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, Particles, and Verbs; follows +S and is combined in brackets, e.g. +S[12])

+S1 – First Person
+S2 – Second Person
+S3 – Third Person
+Si – Interrogative

Pronominal Suffix Gender (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, Particles, and Verbs; follows pronominal suffix person, e.g. +S1b)

b – Feminine and Masculine
c – Common
f – Feminine
m – Masculine

Pronominal Suffix Number (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, Particles, and Verbs; follows pronominal suffix person and gender, e.g. +S1fp)

d – Dual Number
p – Plural
s – Singular

Ending Type (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, Particles, and Verbs; follows +S???E)

a – Apocopated
d – Directional Heh
h – Paragogic Heh
n – Paragogic Nun

Imperfect Type (for Imperfect Endings follows +; for Verbs follows I)

C – Cohortative
J – Jussive

Imperfect Form (for Imperfect Endings follows +; for Verbs follows I; follows imperfect type, e.g., +Cf or IJm)

f – In Form Only
m – In Meaning Only
t – In Form and Meaning

Noun Type

c – Common
g – Gentilic Noun
p – Proper Name

Particle Class

a – Article
b – Inseparable Preposition With Article
c – Conjunction
d – Adverb
g – Interrogative
i – Interjection
n – Negative
o – Direct Object
p – Preposition
r – Relative

Verb Stem

a – Palel
b – Pealal
c – Pilel
d – Pilpel
e – Polel
f – Polal
g – Polpal
h – Hiphil
H – Hophal
i – Pulal
k – Poel
l – Poal
m – Tiftl
n – Niphal
p – Piel
P – Pual
q – Qal
Q – Truly Qal Passive
s – Hishtafel
t – Hithpael
u – Hotpaal
v – Hitpolel
w – Hitpalpel
x – Nitpael

Verb Aspect

a – Infinitive Absolute
c – Infinitive Construct
i – Imperfect
p – Perfect
P – Participle
s – Passive Participle
v – Imperative
w – Imperfect Waw Consecutive

Consecutive Type (for Perfect Ending follows +; for Verbs follows V)

v – Consecutive

Werkgroep Informatica (WIVU) Hebrew Morphology

Part of Speech

A – Article
C – Conjunction
D – Adverb
G – Negation
I – Interrogative
J – Adjective
N – Noun
P – Preposition
R – Pronoun
V – Verb
X – Interjection

Conjunction Type

R – Relative

Gender (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine

Number (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

D – Dual
P – Plural
S – Singular

State (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

A – Absolute
C – Construct
D – Determined

Noun Type

C – Common
P – Proper

Preposition Type

O – Object Marker

Pronoun Type

D – Demonstrative
I – Interrogative
P – Personal
S – Suffixed

Person (for Pronouns and Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person

Verb Stem

a – Qal
b – Pi”el
c – Hif’il
d – Nif’al
e – Pu”al
f – Hafel
g – Hitpa”el
h – Hitpe”el
i – Hof’al
k – Hishtaf’al
l – Hotpa”al
m – Nitpa”el
n – Etpa”al
o – Tif’al
p – Afel
q – Shaf’el
r – Pe’al
s – Pa”el
t – Pe’il
u – Hitpa”al
v – Etpe’el

Verb Tense

F – Infinitive
I – Imperfect
M – Imperative
P – Perfect
R – Participle
S – Passive Parti
w – Weyiqtol
W – Wayyiqtol

Verb Mood

C – Cohortative
J – Jussive

Logos Hebrew Morphology

Part of Speech

A – Article
C – Conjunction
D – Adverb
G – Negation
I – Interrogative
J – Adjective
N – Noun
P – Preposition
R – Pronoun
V – Verb
X – Interjection

Conjunction Type

R – Relative

Gender (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine

Number (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

D – Dual
P – Plural
S – Singular

State (for Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns, and Verbs)

A – Absolute
C – Construct
D – Determined

Noun Type

C – Common
P – Proper

Preposition Type

O – Object Marker

Pronoun Type

D – Demonstrative
I – Interrogative
P – Personal
S – Suffixed

Person (for Pronouns and Verbs)

1 – First Person
2 – Second Person
3 – Third Person

Verb Stem

a – Qal
b – Pi“el
c – Hif‘il
d – Nif‘al
e – Pu“al
g – Hi?pa“el
i – Hof‘al
l – Ho?pa“al
m – Ni?pa“el
n – ’E?pa“al
o – Tif‘al
w – Pu‘lal
x – Pôlel
y – Pi‘lel
z – Pilpel
A – Pôlal
B – Hi?pôlel
C – Pô‘el
D – Hi?pôlal
E – Hi?palpel
F – Pô‘al
G – P?‘al‘al
H – Eštaf‘el
I – P?‘al‘al
K – Pu‘alal
L – Polpal
N – Pi‘lal
O – Hi?pa‘el
P – Ho?pa‘el
Q – Palpel
R – Pa‘lal
S – Hi?pilpel
T – Hi?pô‘el
U – ’E?pô‘el
Z – Qal Passive

Verb Tense

P – Qatal (Perfect)
p – Weqatal (Waw + Perfect)
l – Yiqtol (Imperfect)
W – Wayyiqtol (Waw-Consecutive + Imperfect)
w – Weyiqtol (Waw-Conjunctive + Imperfect)
M – Imperative
F – Infinitive
R – Participle
S – Passive Participle

Verb Mood

C – Cohortative
J – Jussive

Logos Latin Morphology

Part of Speech

B – Adverb
C – Conjunction
I – Interjection
J – Adjective
M – Numeral
N – Noun
P – Preposition
R – Pronoun
T – Particle
V – Verb
X – Indeclinable

Degree (for adverb, adjective)

C – Comparative
O – Other
P – Positive
S – Superlative

Case (for adjective, numeral, noun, pronoun, verb)

A – Accusative
B – Ablative
D – Dative
G – Genitive
L – Locative
N – Nominative
V – Vocative

Number (for adjective, numeral, noun, pronoun, verb)

P – Plural
S – Singular

Gender (for adjective, numeral, noun, pronoun, verb)

F – Feminine
M – Masculine
N – Neuter

Numeral type

B – Adverb
C – Cardinal
D – Distributive
O – Ordinal

Noun type

C – Common
P – Proper

Pronoun type

D – Demonstrative
F – Reflexive
I – Interrogative
P – Personal
R – Relative
S – Possessive
X – Indefinite

Person (for pronouns, verb)

1 – First person
2 – Second person
3 – Third person

Tense

F – Future
I – Imperfect
L – Pluperfect
P – Present
R – Perfect
T – Future Perfect

Voice

A – Active
P – Passive

Mood

D – Gerund
G – Gerundive
I – Indicative
M – Imperative
M – Infinitive
P – Participle
S – Subjective
U – Supine

Indeclinable type

F – Foreign
L – Letter
O – Other

Nomenclature

[ ] – square brackets to enclose multiple values e.g. [AM]
^ – Not (for multi-selectable options) e.g. [^A]
? – Any e.g. [^A]?1

Morphology Identifiers that can be used in a Search

Outside of Morph Search there is a need to identify the morphology and language in the search term:

Logos 10.0+	Logos 9	Morphology
-	lbs	Logos (Greek and Hebrew/Aramaic)
fr	fr	Friberg (Greek)
js	js	Swanson (Greek)
lls	lls	GRAMCORD (Greek)
af	af	Andersen-Forbes (Hebrew/Aramaic)
west	west	Westminster (Hebrew/Aramaic)
wivu	wivu	WIVU (Hebrew/Aramaic)
sesb	sesb	SESB (Hebrew/Aramaic)

Logos 10.0+	Logos 9	Language
g	el	Greek
h	he	Hebrew
a	arc	Aramaic (parts of Ezra and Daniel)
l	la	Latin

Examples of using these identifiers

morph.g:V lemma.g:δικαιόω (Logos Greek)
morph.fr.g:V lemma.fr.g:δικαιόω (Friberg)
morph.js.g:V lemma.js.g:δικαιόω (Swanson)
morph.h:N lemma.h:יהוה (Logos Hebrew)
morph.af.h:N lemma.af:יהוה (Andersen-Forbes Hebrew)
morph.west.h:n lemma.west.h:יהוה (Westminster Hebrew)
morph.wivu.h:N lemma.wivu.h:יְהוָה (WIVU Hebrew)
morph.sesb.h:N lemma.sesb.h:יְהוָה (SESB Hebrew)

Part of Speech

Logos Morph	Greek	Hebrew	Aramaic	Latin
Adjective	@J	@J	@J	@J
Adverb	@B	@D	@D	@B
Article	@D	@A	@A
Conjunction	@C	@C	@C	@C
Indeclinable	@X			@X
Interjection	@I	@X	@X	@I
Interrogative		@I	@I
Negation		@G	@G
Noun	@N	@N	@N	@N
Numeral		@U	@U	@M
Particle	@T			@T
Preposition	@P	@P	@P	@P
Pronoun	@R	@R	@R	@R
Verb	@V	@V	@V	@V